Organic Acid Determination Test for Glycerin Fatty Acid Esters According to Japan’s Specifications and Standards for Food Additives (SH1011) (SH1011)

Glycerin fatty acid ester is a substance produced by reacting fatty acids obtained from lipids with glycerin, and is a food additive used as an emulsifier in margarine and dairy products.
Glycerin fatty acid esters are listed in the Japan’s Specifications and Standards for Food Additives, 9th edition. The required test includes determination of fatty acids (organic acids) produced from hydrolyzing glycerin fatty acid esters using potassium hydroxide.
In this application, organic acid standards were analyzed using SUGAR SH1011, a column for organic acid analysis. The organic acids included in the analysis are required testing targets for the below glycerin fatty acid esters.
Under the analysis conditions used in this application, glycerin elutes between lactic acid (peak number 4) and acetic acid (peak number 5). The method is applicable for the determination of organic acids produced from the hydrolyzation of commercial glycerin fatty acid esters. Sodium lactate standard solutions and the samples pretreated following the Japan’s Specifications and Standards for Food Additives contain sodium ions. To protect the column, it is recommended to remove sodium ions using a cation exchange resin prior to the injection.

Determination test (Organic acids)Dissolve organic acid standards in 0.005-M sulfuric acid and use as test solutions.Scroll
Target esters Organic acid standard Concentrations of organic acids
Glycerin acetate fatty acid ester and glycerin acetate ester Acetic acid 10 mg/2 mL
Glycerin lactic acid fatty acid ester Sodium lactate 20 mg/2 mL
Glycerin citric acid fatty acid ester Citric acid monohydrate 10 mg/2 mL
Glycerin succinic acid fatty acid ester Succinic acid 10 mg/2 mL
Glycerin diacetyl tartrate fatty acid ester Acetic acid, L(+)-Tartaric acid 10 mg/2 mL

Sample: 20 µL

  1. 1.Succinic acid
  2. 2.Tartaric acid
  3. 3.Citric acid
  4. 4.Lactic acid
  5. 5.Acetic acid
chromatogram of organic acids
Column
Shodex SUGAR SH1011 (8.0 mm I.D. x 300 mm)
Eluent
0.005 M H2SO4 aq.
Flow rate
0.7 mL/min
Detector
RI
Column temp.
60 ℃

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