Eluent conditions

1. (1)Buffers and aqueous solutions of different salts can be used separately or together. Usable buffers include phosphate, acetate, citrate, and Tris. Usable aqueous salt solutions include sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate. Their recommended concentration ranges are 0.05 to 0.3 M.
2. (2)Up to 50 % (v/v) methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and acetonitrile are usable.
3. (3)Aqueous solutions of urea, guanidine hydrochloride, and dithiothreitol (DTT) which are the protein denaturants can be used up to 8 M, 6 M, and 5 mM, respectively. However, their required concentration are usually high, which may damage the column during the solvent replacement. Thus, it is recommended to dedicate the column for these specific uses.
4. (4)SDS surfactant can also be added up to 2% (w/v). However, since surfactants tend to remain on the column, solvent replacement after their use takes a longer time than replacement from general solvents. The replacement time can be shorten by using 30 to 50 % (v/v) methanol.